Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 93 \[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {3 \sqrt {b} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}{4 f}-\frac {3 \sqrt {b} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}{4 f}-\frac {\cot ^2(e+f x) (b \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 b f} \]
-1/2*cot(f*x+e)^2*(b*sec(f*x+e))^(3/2)/b/f+3/4*arctan((b*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2) /b^(1/2))*b^(1/2)/f-3/4*arctanh((b*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)/b^(1/2))*b^(1/2)/f
Time = 0.58 (sec) , antiderivative size = 95, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.02 \[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=-\frac {\left (-6 \arctan \left (\sqrt {\sec (e+f x)}\right )-3 \log \left (1-\sqrt {\sec (e+f x)}\right )+3 \log \left (1+\sqrt {\sec (e+f x)}\right )+\frac {4 \csc ^2(e+f x)}{\sqrt {\sec (e+f x)}}\right ) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}}{8 f \sqrt {\sec (e+f x)}} \]
-1/8*((-6*ArcTan[Sqrt[Sec[e + f*x]]] - 3*Log[1 - Sqrt[Sec[e + f*x]]] + 3*L og[1 + Sqrt[Sec[e + f*x]]] + (4*Csc[e + f*x]^2)/Sqrt[Sec[e + f*x]])*Sqrt[b *Sec[e + f*x]])/(f*Sqrt[Sec[e + f*x]])
Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 90, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.97, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.381, Rules used = {3042, 3102, 27, 252, 266, 827, 216, 219}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \csc (e+f x)^3 \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3102 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\int \frac {b^4 (b \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{\left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^2}d(b \sec (e+f x))}{b^3 f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {b \int \frac {(b \sec (e+f x))^{5/2}}{\left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^2}d(b \sec (e+f x))}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 252 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {b \left (\frac {(b \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 \left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )}-\frac {3}{4} \int \frac {\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}}{b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)}d(b \sec (e+f x))\right )}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 266 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {b \left (\frac {(b \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 \left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )}-\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)}{b^2-b^4 \sec ^4(e+f x)}d\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}\right )}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 827 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {b \left (\frac {(b \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 \left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )}-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1}{b-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)}d\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1}{b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)+b}d\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}\right )\right )}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 216 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {b \left (\frac {(b \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 \left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )}-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1}{b-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)}d\sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)}-\frac {\arctan \left (\sqrt {b} \sec (e+f x)\right )}{2 \sqrt {b}}\right )\right )}{f}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 219 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {b \left (\frac {(b \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}}{2 \left (b^2-b^2 \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )}-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\sqrt {b} \sec (e+f x)\right )}{2 \sqrt {b}}-\frac {\arctan \left (\sqrt {b} \sec (e+f x)\right )}{2 \sqrt {b}}\right )\right )}{f}\) |
(b*((-3*(-1/2*ArcTan[Sqrt[b]*Sec[e + f*x]]/Sqrt[b] + ArcTanh[Sqrt[b]*Sec[e + f*x]]/(2*Sqrt[b])))/2 + (b*Sec[e + f*x])^(3/2)/(2*(b^2 - b^2*Sec[e + f* x]^2))))/f
3.4.76.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]))*A rcTan[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a , 0] || GtQ[b, 0])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))* ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (Gt Q[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c*(c*x )^(m - 1)*((a + b*x^2)^(p + 1)/(2*b*(p + 1))), x] - Simp[c^2*((m - 1)/(2*b* (p + 1))) Int[(c*x)^(m - 2)*(a + b*x^2)^(p + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c }, x] && LtQ[p, -1] && GtQ[m, 1] && !ILtQ[(m + 2*p + 3)/2, 0] && IntBinomi alQ[a, b, c, 2, m, p, x]
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{k = De nominator[m]}, Simp[k/c Subst[Int[x^(k*(m + 1) - 1)*(a + b*(x^(2*k)/c^2)) ^p, x], x, (c*x)^(1/k)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && FractionQ[m] && I ntBinomialQ[a, b, c, 2, m, p, x]
Int[(x_)^2/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[-a/b, 2]], s = Denominator[Rt[-a/b, 2]]}, Simp[s/(2*b) Int[1/(r + s*x^2), x], x] - Simp[s/(2*b) Int[1/(r - s*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && !GtQ [a/b, 0]
Int[csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^(n_.)*((a_.)*sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_), x_S ymbol] :> Simp[1/(f*a^n) Subst[Int[x^(m + n - 1)/(-1 + x^2/a^2)^((n + 1)/ 2), x], x, a*Sec[e + f*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, e, f, m}, x] && IntegerQ[(n + 1 )/2] && !(IntegerQ[(m + 1)/2] && LtQ[0, m, n])
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(460\) vs. \(2(73)=146\).
Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 461, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.96
| method | result | size |
| default | \(-\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {b \left (\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+1\right )}{\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1}}\, \left (\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1\right ) \left (-\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \sqrt {\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1}\, \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+\left (\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}-\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \sqrt {\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1}\, \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+\ln \left (\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+\sqrt {\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1}\right ) \left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+3 \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1}}\right ) \left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-4 \ln \left (2 \left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+2 \sqrt {\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{4} \left (\csc ^{4}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1}\right ) \left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )\right ) \left (\sin ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )}{8 f \sqrt {\left (\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )+1\right ) \left (\left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2} \left (\csc ^{2}\left (f x +e \right )\right )-1\right )}\, \left (1-\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}\) | \(461\) |
-1/8/f*(-b*((1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2+1)/((1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^ 2-1))^(1/2)*((1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2-1)*(-(1-cos(f*x+e))^4*((1-cos(f *x+e))^4*csc(f*x+e)^4-1)^(1/2)*csc(f*x+e)^4+((1-cos(f*x+e))^4*csc(f*x+e)^4 -1)^(3/2)-(1-cos(f*x+e))^2*((1-cos(f*x+e))^4*csc(f*x+e)^4-1)^(1/2)*csc(f*x +e)^2+ln((1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2+((1-cos(f*x+e))^4*csc(f*x+e)^4-1)^( 1/2))*(1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2+3*arctan(1/((1-cos(f*x+e))^4*csc(f*x+e )^4-1)^(1/2))*(1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2-4*ln(2*(1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f* x+e)^2+2*((1-cos(f*x+e))^4*csc(f*x+e)^4-1)^(1/2))*(1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x +e)^2)/(((1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2+1)*((1-cos(f*x+e))^2*csc(f*x+e)^2-1 ))^(1/2)/(1-cos(f*x+e))^2*sin(f*x+e)^2
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 170 vs. \(2 (73) = 146\).
Time = 0.32 (sec) , antiderivative size = 354, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.81 \[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=\left [\frac {6 \, {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {-b} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b} \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 1\right )}}{2 \, b}\right ) + 3 \, {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {-b} \log \left (\frac {b \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 4 \, {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {-b} \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} - 6 \, b \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 1}\right ) + 8 \, \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{16 \, {\left (f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - f\right )}}, -\frac {6 \, {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {b} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right ) - 1\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {b}}\right ) - 3 \, {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {b} \log \left (\frac {b \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 4 \, {\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} + 6 \, b \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 1}\right ) - 8 \, \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{16 \, {\left (f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - f\right )}}\right ] \]
[1/16*(6*(cos(f*x + e)^2 - 1)*sqrt(-b)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(-b)*sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e))*(cos(f*x + e) + 1)/b) + 3*(cos(f*x + e)^2 - 1)*sqrt(-b)*log((b*cos(f *x + e)^2 - 4*(cos(f*x + e)^2 - cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-b)*sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e) ) - 6*b*cos(f*x + e) + b)/(cos(f*x + e)^2 + 2*cos(f*x + e) + 1)) + 8*sqrt( b/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e))/(f*cos(f*x + e)^2 - f), -1/16*(6*(cos(f*x + e)^2 - 1)*sqrt(b)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e))*(cos(f*x + e) - 1)/sqrt( b)) - 3*(cos(f*x + e)^2 - 1)*sqrt(b)*log((b*cos(f*x + e)^2 - 4*(cos(f*x + e)^2 + cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(b)*sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e)) + 6*b*cos(f*x + e) + b)/ (cos(f*x + e)^2 - 2*cos(f*x + e) + 1)) - 8*sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e))/(f*cos(f*x + e)^2 - f)]
\[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=\int \sqrt {b \sec {\left (e + f x \right )}} \csc ^{3}{\left (e + f x \right )}\, dx \]
Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 106, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.14 \[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {b {\left (\frac {4 \, \left (\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{b^{2} - \frac {b^{2}}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} + \frac {6 \, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}{\sqrt {b}} + \frac {3 \, \log \left (-\frac {\sqrt {b} - \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}}}{\sqrt {b} + \sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}}}\right )}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}}{8 \, f} \]
1/8*b*(4*(b/cos(f*x + e))^(3/2)/(b^2 - b^2/cos(f*x + e)^2) + 6*arctan(sqrt (b/cos(f*x + e))/sqrt(b))/sqrt(b) + 3*log(-(sqrt(b) - sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e)) )/(sqrt(b) + sqrt(b/cos(f*x + e))))/sqrt(b))/f
Time = 0.34 (sec) , antiderivative size = 98, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.05 \[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {b^{4} {\left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {b \cos \left (f x + e\right )}}{{\left (b^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} - b^{2}\right )} b^{2}} + \frac {3 \, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b \cos \left (f x + e\right )}}{\sqrt {-b}}\right )}{\sqrt {-b} b^{3}} - \frac {3 \, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b \cos \left (f x + e\right )}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}{b^{\frac {7}{2}}}\right )} \mathrm {sgn}\left (\cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )}{4 \, f} \]
1/4*b^4*(2*sqrt(b*cos(f*x + e))/((b^2*cos(f*x + e)^2 - b^2)*b^2) + 3*arcta n(sqrt(b*cos(f*x + e))/sqrt(-b))/(sqrt(-b)*b^3) - 3*arctan(sqrt(b*cos(f*x + e))/sqrt(b))/b^(7/2))*sgn(cos(f*x + e))/f
Timed out. \[ \int \csc ^3(e+f x) \sqrt {b \sec (e+f x)} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {\frac {b}{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}}}{{\sin \left (e+f\,x\right )}^3} \,d x \]